Pin Configuration and Function of 8085

Pin Configuration and Function of 8085

Properties:- 
• It is an 8-bit microprocessor 
• Manufactured with N-MOS technology 
• 40 pin IC package 
• It has 16-bit address bus and thus has 216 = 64 KB addressing capability. 
• Operate with 3 MHz single-phase clock • +5 V single power supply 
The logic pin layout and signal groups of the 8085microprocessor are shown in Fig. All the signals are classified into six groups: 
• Address bus 
• Data bus 
• Control & status signals 
• Power supply and frequency signals 
• Externally initiated signals 
• Serial I/O signals

Figure: - The 8085 Microprocessor Pin Configuration and Signals
The Intel 8085A is a new generation, complete 8 bit parallel central processing unit (CPU). The 8085A uses a multiplexed data bus. The address is split between the 8bit address bus and the 8bit data bus. Figures are at the end of the document. 
Pin Description 
The following describes the function of each pin: 
A6 - A1s (Output 3 State) 
Address Bus; The most significant 8 bits of the memory address or the 8 bits of the I/0 addresses, 3 stated during Hold and Halt modes. 
AD0 - 7 (Input/Output 3state) 
Multiplexed Address/Data Bus; Lower 8 bits of the memory address (or I/0 addresses) appear on the bus during the first clock cycle of a machine state. It then becomes the data bus during the second and third clock cycles. 3 stated during Hold and Halt modes. 
ALE (Output) 
Address Latch Enable: It occurs during the first clock cycle of a machine state and enables the address to get latched into the on chip latch of peripherals. The falling edge of ALE is set to guarantee setup and hold times for the address information. ALE can also be used to strobe the status information. ALE is never 3stated. 
SO, S1 (Output) 
Data Bus Status. Encoded status of the bus cycle: 
S1 S0
0 0  HALT 
0 1 WRITE 
1 0 READ 
1 1 FETCH 
S1 can be used as an advanced R/W status. 
RD (Output 3state) READ; indicates the selected memory or 1/0 device is to be read and that the Data Bus is available for the data transfer. WR (Output 3state) WRITE; indicates the data on the Data Bus is to be written into the selected memory or 1/0 location. Data is set up at the trailing edge of WR. 3stated during Hold and Halt modes. 
Table :- 8085 machine cycle status and control signals

READY (Input) 
If Ready is high during a read or write cycle, it indicates that the memory or peripheral is ready to send or receive data. If Ready is low, the CPU will wait for Ready to go high before completing the read or write cycle. 
HOLD (Input) 
HOLD; indicates that another Master is requesting the use of the Address and Data Buses. The CPU, upon receiving the Hold request. Will relinquish the use of buses as soon as the completion of the current machine cycle. Internal processing can continue. The processor can regain the buses only after the Hold is removed. When the Hold is acknowledged, the Address, Data, RD, WR, and IO/M lines are 3stated. 
HLDA (Output) 
HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE; indicates that the CPU has received the Hold request and that it will relinquish the buses in the next clock cycle. HLDA goes low after the Hold request is removed. The CPU takes the buses one half clock cycle after HLDA goes low. 
INTR (Input) 
INTERRUPT REQUEST; is used as a general purpose interrupt. It is sampled only during the next to the last clock cycle of the instruction. If it is active, the Program Counter (PC) will be inhibited from incrementing and an INTA will be issued. During this cycle a RESTART or CALL instruction can be inserted to jump to the interrupt service routine. The INTR is enabled and disabled by software. It is disabled by Reset and immediately after an interrupt is accepted. 
Table:-8085 interrupts and externally initiated signals

INTA (Output) 
INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE; is used instead of (and has the same timing as) RD during the Instruction cycle after an INTR is accepted. It can be used to activate the 8259 Interrupt chip or some other interrupt port. 
RST 5.5 
RST 6.5 - (Inputs)
RST 7.5 
RESTART INTERRUPTS; These three inputs have the same timing as I NTR except they cause an internal RESTART to be automatically inserted. 
RST 7.5 ~~ Highest Priority 
RST 6.5 
RST 5.5 o Lowest Priority 
The priority of these interrupts is ordered as shown above. These interrupts have a higher priority than the INTR. 
TRAP (Input) 
Trap interrupt is a nonmaskable restart interrupt. It is recognized at the same time as INTR. It is unaffected by any mask or Interrupt Enable. It has the highest priority of any interrupt. 
RESET IN (Input) 
Reset sets the Program Counter to zero and resets the Interrupt Enable and HLDA flip-flops. None of the other flags or registers (except the instruction register) are affected The CPU is held in the reset condition as long as Reset is applied. 
RESET OUT (Output) 
Indicates CPlJ is being reset. Can be used as a system RESET. The signal is synchronized to the processor clock. 
X1, X2 (Input) 
Crystal or R/C network connections to set the internal clock generator X1 can also be an external clock input instead of a crystal. The input frequency is divided by 2 to give the internal operating frequency. 
CLK (Output) 
Clock Output for use as a system clock when a crystal or R/ C network is used as an input to the CPU. The period of CLK is twice the X1, X2 input period. 
IO/M (Output) 
IO/M indicates whether the Read/Write is to memory or l/O Tristated during Hold and Halt modes. 
SID (Input) 
Serial input data line the data on this line is loaded into accumulator bit 7 whenever a RIM instruction is executed. 
SOD (output) 
Serial output data line. The output SOD is set or reset as specified by the SIM instruction. 
Vcc 
+5 volt supply. 
Vss 
Ground Reference.


REFERENCES

  1. R. S. Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085, Fifth Edition, Penram International Publishing (India) Private Limited.
  2. S Ghoshal, Microprocessor Based System Design, Macmillan India Limited, 1996
  3. M. Mano, Digital Logic and Computer Design, Prentice – Hall India
  4. B. Ram - Fundamentals of Microprocessor and Microcontrollers
  5. “Microprocessors: Principles and Applications” by A Pal
  6. “Microprocessors and Microcontrollers : Architecture, Programming and Interfacing Using 8085, 8086 and 8051” by Soumitra Kumar Mandal
  7. “Introduction to Microprocessors and Microcontrollers” by Crisp John Crisp
  8. “Microprocessors And Microcontrollers” by A Nagoor Kani
  9. “Microprocessors And Microcontrollers : Architecture, Programming and System Design 8085, 8086, 8051, 8096” by KRISHNA KANT
  10. 8 - Bit Microprocessor” by Vibhute

Comments